hydrarchist writes: "This essay, which first appeared in L'Autre journal, no. 1 (May
1990), is included in the forthcoming translation of Pourparlers
(Paris: Editions Minuit, 1990), to be published by Columbia
University Press. It previously appeared in October #59, Winter 1992, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 3-7."
"Postscript on the Societies of Control"
Gilles Deleuze
1. Historical
Foucault located the "disciplinary societies" in the
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; they reach their height at the
outset of the twentieth. They initiate the organization of vast
spaces of enclosure. The individual never ceases passing from one
closed environment to another, each having its own laws: first the
family; then the school ("you are no longer in your family"); then
the barracks ("you are no longer at school"); then the factory;
from time to time the hospital; possibly the prison, the preeminent
instance of the enclosed environment. It's the prison that serves
as the analogical model: at the sight of some laborers, the heroine
of Rossellini's Europa '51 could exclaim, "I thought I was seeing
convicts."