See Ernest Fehr and Klaus M. Schmidt, Theories of Fairness and Reciprocity, Evidence and Economic Applications, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, Working Paper No. 75 (February 2001);

Bruno S. Frey and Stephan Meier, Pro-Social Behavior, Reciprocity, or Both? Institute for Empirical Research in Economics, University of Zurich, Working Paper No. 107 (February 2002);

Ernest Fehr and Armin Falk, Psychological Foundations of Incentives, Schumpeter Lecture, Annual Conference of the European Economic Association 2001. Examples, in addition to those cited in footnote 63 supra, are

George A. Akerlof, Labor Contracts as Partial Gift Exchange, 97 Q. J. of Econ. 543 (1982);

Rachel E. Kranton, Reciprocal Exchange: A Self-Sustaining System, 86 Am. Ec. Rev., 830 (1996);

Janet T. Landa, The Enigma of the Kula Ring in Trust, ethnicity, and identity: beyond the new institutional economics of ethnic trading networks, contract law, and gift-exchange 141-172 (1994);

Ernst Fehr, Erich Kirchler, Andreas Weichbold, & Simon Gachter, When Social Norms Overpower Competition: Gift Exchange in Experimental Labor Markets, 16 J. Labor Econ. 324 (1998). My point is narrower, that is, that the baseline response of most economists and lawyers trained to look at questions through an economic prism is disbelief, and my purpose in the analytic segment of this article is to respond to that widely held disbelief. mostly can be found at: http://www.iew.unizh.ch/wp/

Reflections on the Hub experience by Alien8.

And Uri's notes on the final plenary.

Disappointed partisans of the Republican movement focus their attacks on Gerry Adams, alleging deception, connivance and mainpulation. Historical antagonists of Sinn Fein polemicise against him as the emblem of a shift to the right of a party they never supported, but which had gathered a working class constituency around it. When they speak, implicit in their claims is the sense that they sense a misdirected radicalism.

Those whose 'republicanism' nis built around Adams will never be swayed by such ad hominem attacks. Rather their sense of partsianship will be consolidated. Fianna Fail, Fine Gael, the Newspapers, Sticks etc will continue their assault, built on the preservation of the status quo, simultaneously so that any left critique will go unnoticed in the snowstorm of reaction.

The seperatist movement in Ireland has always been the receptacle of a hybrid radicalism, powerful becasue of the primitive nature of its artciulation, continual confrontation with legality, incessant demonisation, persecution and criminalisation by the state. Those who have identified as republicans however, identify with a radical anti-state politics and are somewhat open to alternatives. The fans of the last decades media stars will remain unmoved by the ideological broadsides, but the activists will bhe in a state of continuous assessmet of where they stand, especially as the fruits of cooptation generate internal manipulation and new factions.

Against this background, the only useful approach is to constitute an alternative which delivers, manitains contact with the millenarian tradition in Irish politics, the physionomy of permanent rebellion, but establishes its alternative choice as practice. Libertarians need to think this through, rather than being seduced by the simplistic traditional polemics practiced by leftist elements.

Petri Pöyhönen

Marko AHTISAARI http://www.aula.cc/~marko/

Utterance, Accreditation, Distribution

Ny nameless friend writes .........I wanted to call everyone's attention to a nascent peer-to-peer project that seems to be very interesting, especially from our perspective. I met Christian Grothoff at DefCon this year and I was able to talk to him a bit about the system. It is intended to be "a peer-to-peer framework for anonymous distributed file-sharing." The system is interesting because it incorporates a reputation system by which nodes determine how to allocate their own resources. Unlike Mojo Nation, for example, it does not rely on a trusted centralized entity. The system was designed from the ground up to be resistant to malicious nodes. It needed to be, because it was designed from the start as free software. Below is a link to a paper which describes the "economic aspects" of the network.

By the way, Christian Grothoff has expressed a willingness to come to NYU for a talk. Could this be something we could sponsor with the CS department? (probably just travel costs from Chicago).

GNUnet -- An Excess Based Economy: http://www.ovmj.org/GNUnet/download/ebe.ps

Other papers by the GNUnet group: http://www.ovmj.org/GNUnet/papers.php3

Yochai wants to limit the peer production analysis to public goods and not to claim other economic goods. Ease of accessing relatively optimal labour.Decline in transaction costs inherent to the coordination of that labour.

Prior to the publication of "Art of Deception", the publishers Wiley and Sons received a letter threatening legal action on the part of John Markoff, the New York Times hack (sic) who played a key role in Mitnick's demonisation. As a result this chapter was pulled from the book. Fortunately the lost lines appeared miraculously in a yahoo group earlier this month, and it is provided below for your edification.

The account is interesting in several respects. First it demonstrates the shortsightedness of security through obscurity, or a reliance on smart technical fixes for the provision of assurance and safety. Given the continuing tendency towards security culture in political circles the sections on social engineering should act as reminder that most vulnerabilities are human. Secondly it demonstrates the connivance in the criminalization process between respected media mouthpieces and the state. Mitnick's case, along with those of LaMachia and Morris, were seminal from this point of view and established the trend for the decade. Third, he is candid about the very superficial nature of hacker rebellion, which often morphs into betrayal and collaboration with the state and businness without skipping a beat.

Enjoy.Kevin's Story